In addition to being a product of porcelain Manual, diverse in its basic components, it takes in the field of archaeology various other indications, ceramics The term becomes more often when totalitarian reflects historical stage, we say, for example ceramic or porcelain Mesopotamia (Terasagelata) Roman is intended that the reference to art objects Made of porcelain with common characteristics:
geographical, cultural, and technical These industry technical began to take its framework the geographical and cultural in the second half of the Neolithic period around / 6000 s. M / in the Near East, such as: Hassouna in northern Iraq and Margarita (Ras Shamra) in northern Syria.
With the escalation of the need for ceramic pots with multiple functions began to appear porcelain and its spread and evolved techniques to be manufactured according to the changing social conditions of the people in the citizen stability of new villages and settlements and cities, as well as with the beginning of historical times about / 3000 BC. M / Since that period income porcelain to meet the needs of humanitarian multiple, whether domestic or Mdvinyh or ritual.
In everyday life used clay pots for various purposes such as storage of grain and food and fluids, and in other cases, to bury the dead or to contain the ashes of corpses burned according to the rite of specific religious or even to provide the Dead requirements to live after death and to ensure continuity in the life metaphysical by the beliefs of some ancient peoples. This constitutes material porcelain art historians and archaeologists background material for the study of the evolution of civilizations through the ages, and became aware of porcelain today from basic science within archeology, So what are the specifics of this science in terms of study and classification of ceramic materials and the diversity of its forms and decoration?
What are the basic materials that make up the porcelain?.
As already mentioned in the introduction to this study, it can not talk about the porcelain without knowing the soil and their properties, which are the basic material for most types of ceramics, soils mixed with water form the mud flexible and sticky stainless formation and contraction and cohesion after drought and stainless rigidity and ossification after firing, and the soil is a mixture of silica and Almanaiziom Clay called in Arabic is called Argela (Argilla) in Latin.
The process of preparation of clay or dough clay-based ceramics because the choice of materials and methods of preparation determine the pattern pieces made from them for this, the soil passed through several stages before its formation liquidated first to be cleaned of impurities and so crushed and Tngelha and Whatsoever, and transferred later to the basin settling, may remain slurry in the basin for a long time depending on the need for basic manufacturing, and after drying mud taken from the basin and add the fine sand then knead with hands or legs in order to rid of the bubbles air, and becomes more homogeneous and fit for work.